Dermatological Issues Explained

Our skin is the largest organ of our body and serves as a protective barrier between our internal organs and the external environment. It plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, preventing water loss, and defending against harmful pathogens. However, despite its resilience, our skin is susceptible to a wide range of dermatological issues.

Types of Dermatological Issues (Also known as Skin Conditions)

Acne

Acne is perhaps one of the most well-known dermatological issues, especially among teenagers. It occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria, resulting in the formation of pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads. Hormonal changes during puberty often trigger the overproduction of sebum, the oily substance that lubricates the skin, leading to the development of acne.

While acne is commonly associated with adolescence, it can affect people of all ages. Factors such as stress, certain medications, and hormonal imbalances can contribute to acne breakouts. The treatment of acne may involve topical creams, oral medications, and lifestyle modifications. In severe cases, your doctor may recommend procedures like chemical peels or laser therapy to manage acne and its scarring.

Eczema

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by red, itchy, and dry skin. It often appears during childhood but can persist or even develop in adulthood. The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

People with eczema have a compromised skin barrier, which allows irritants and allergens to penetrate easily, triggering an immune response. Common triggers include certain fabrics, soaps, detergents, pet dander, and certain foods. Moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, and antihistamines are commonly prescribed to manage the symptoms of this dermatological issue. Avoiding triggers and adopting a regular skincare routine can also help prevent flare-ups.

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the skin, causing thick, scaly patches known as plaques. These plaques are usually red and itchy and can appear on various parts of the body, including the scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back. The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors, as well as an abnormal immune response.

Psoriasis is characterized by unpredictable flares and remissions, with the severity of symptoms varying from person to person. Treatment options for psoriasis include topical medications, phototherapy (light therapy), systemic medications, and biologic therapies. Your doctor may tailor the treatment plan based on the individual’s symptoms, overall health, and lifestyle.

Melasma

Melasma, also known as chloasma, is a common dermatological issue characterized by dark, irregular patches on the face, especially on the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip. It primarily affects women, although men can also develop melasma. Hormonal changes, particularly during pregnancy or while taking hormonal birth control, can trigger the overproduction of melanin, resulting in the formation of melasma.

Sun exposure and genetics can also contribute to the development of melasma. It is often referred to as the “mask of pregnancy” because it commonly occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal fluctuations. Treatment options for melasma include topical creams with ingredients like hydroquinone, retinoids, or corticosteroids. Chemical peels and laser treatments may also be recommended by your doctor to lighten the dark patches and even out the skin tone. Strict sun protection, such as wearing sunscreen and using protective clothing, is crucial in preventing melasma from worsening.

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer worldwide, with millions of cases diagnosed each year. It occurs when there is an uncontrolled growth of abnormal skin cells, often triggered by ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure from the sun or tanning beds. There are three main types of skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.

Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial in managing skin cancer. Regular self-examinations, along with annual skin checks by your doctor, can help identify suspicious moles or growths. Treatment options for skin cancer depend on the type, stage, and location of the cancer, but they may include surgical excision, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

Rosacea

Rosacea is a chronic dermatological issue that primarily affects the face, causing persistent redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes acne-like bumps. It tends to affect fair-skinned individuals and often begins after the age of 30. The exact cause of rosacea is unknown, but factors such as genetics, abnormal blood vessel responses, and certain triggers like sun exposure, hot beverages, and spicy foods can worsen the condition.

Although rosacea cannot be cured, its symptoms can be managed effectively. Your doctor may prescribe topical medications, oral antibiotics, or other medications to reduce inflammation and control the redness and acne-like bumps associated with rosacea. Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers and using gentle skin care products, can also help minimize flare-ups.

Jolandi Meyer – Expert Care

When and Why to Consult Your Doctor

Taking care of your skin is an important part of maintaining overall health and well-being. While some minor skin issues can be managed with over-the-counter remedies or self-care practices, there are instances when it is crucial to consult a doctor. Here are some guidelines on when and why to seek professional help for dermatological issues:

Persistent or Worsening Symptoms

If you have a skin problem that persists for an extended period, such as several weeks or months, or if the symptoms are progressively worsening, it is advisable to consult a doctor. Conditions like eczema, psoriasis, or rosacea often require professional evaluation and treatment plans tailored to your specific needs.

Severe Symptoms

If you are experiencing severe symptoms such as intense itching, pain, swelling, or discomfort, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. Severe symptoms may indicate an underlying infection, allergic reaction, or other serious dermatological conditions that require professional diagnosis and treatment.

Unexplained Rashes or Lesions

If you notice unexplained rashes, lesions, or changes in your skin that you cannot attribute to any known cause or condition, it is best to consult your doctor. Skin abnormalities that appear suddenly or grow rapidly should be evaluated to rule out potential skin cancers or other concerning conditions.

Skin Infections

If you suspect a skin infection, such as cellulitis, impetigo, or a fungal infection like ringworm, it is important to consult a doctor. Skin infections can spread and cause complications if left untreated, and they may require prescription medications such as antibiotics or antifungal agents.

Changes in Moles or Skin Growths

If you notice changes in the size, shape, colour, or texture of moles or skin growths, it is essential to have them examined by your doctor. Changes in moles can be an early warning sign of skin cancer, and early detection is crucial for successful treatment.

Chronic Conditions Not Responding to OTC Treatments

If you have chronic dermatological issues such as acne, eczema, or psoriasis that is not responding to over-the-counter treatments or self-care measures, it is time to consult your doctor. They can assess your condition, recommend more effective prescription medications or therapies, and provide personalized guidance for managing your skin concern.

Emotional Impact

If a dermatological issue is significantly affecting your quality of life, causing emotional distress, or interfering with your daily activities, it is important to seek professional help. Your doctor can provide appropriate treatment options, support, and guidance to improve your skin health and overall well-being.

Common Ailments Treated by Dr. Jolandi Meyer

Dr. Jolandi Meyer’s expertise and comprehensive treatment options make her an exceptional General Practitioner for addressing Dermatological Issues. She provides personalised care, empowering patients to achieve optimal health. Her compassionate approach ensures patients receive the highest quality treatment.

With her support and guidance, patients can embark on a journey towards improved well-being and a healthier, happier life.

Contact Details:

Tel: (012) 030 1333

Email: gpadmin@thewayrecovery.co.za

745 Hannarie Road

Garsfontein

Pretoria